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core/panic/
location.rs

1use crate::cmp::Ordering;
2use crate::ffi::CStr;
3use crate::fmt;
4use crate::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
5use crate::marker::PhantomData;
6use crate::ptr::NonNull;
7
8/// A struct containing information about the location of a panic.
9///
10/// This structure is created by [`PanicHookInfo::location()`] and [`PanicInfo::location()`].
11///
12/// [`PanicInfo::location()`]: crate::panic::PanicInfo::location
13/// [`PanicHookInfo::location()`]: ../../std/panic/struct.PanicHookInfo.html#method.location
14///
15/// # Examples
16///
17/// ```should_panic
18/// use std::panic;
19///
20/// panic::set_hook(Box::new(|panic_info| {
21///     if let Some(location) = panic_info.location() {
22///         println!("panic occurred in file '{}' at line {}", location.file(), location.line());
23///     } else {
24///         println!("panic occurred but can't get location information...");
25///     }
26/// }));
27///
28/// panic!("Normal panic");
29/// ```
30///
31/// # Comparisons
32///
33/// Comparisons for equality and ordering are made in file, line, then column priority.
34/// Files are compared as strings, not `Path`, which could be unexpected.
35/// See [`Location::file`]'s documentation for more discussion.
36#[lang = "panic_location"]
37#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
38#[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
39pub struct Location<'a> {
40    // A raw pointer is used rather than a reference because the pointer is valid for one more byte
41    // than the length stored in this pointer; the additional byte is the NUL-terminator used by
42    // `Location::file_as_c_str`.
43    filename: NonNull<str>,
44    line: u32,
45    col: u32,
46    _filename: PhantomData<&'a str>,
47}
48
49#[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
50#[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_cmp", issue = "143800")]
51const impl PartialEq for Location<'_> {
52    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
53        // Compare col / line first as they're cheaper to compare and more likely to differ,
54        // while not impacting the result.
55        self.col == other.col && self.line == other.line && self.file() == other.file()
56    }
57}
58
59#[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
60#[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_cmp", issue = "143800")]
61const impl Eq for Location<'_> {}
62
63#[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
64#[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_cmp", issue = "143800")]
65const impl Ord for Location<'_> {
66    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
67        self.file()
68            .cmp(other.file())
69            .then_with(const || self.line.cmp(&other.line))
70            .then_with(const || self.col.cmp(&other.col))
71    }
72}
73
74#[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
75#[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_cmp", issue = "143800")]
76const impl PartialOrd for Location<'_> {
77    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
78        Some(self.cmp(other))
79    }
80}
81
82#[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
83impl Hash for Location<'_> {
84    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
85        self.file().hash(state);
86        self.line.hash(state);
87        self.col.hash(state);
88    }
89}
90
91#[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
92impl fmt::Debug for Location<'_> {
93    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
94        f.debug_struct("Location")
95            .field("file", &self.file())
96            .field("line", &self.line)
97            .field("column", &self.col)
98            .finish()
99    }
100}
101
102impl<'a> Location<'a> {
103    /// Returns the source location of the caller of this function. If that function's caller is
104    /// annotated then its call location will be returned, and so on up the stack to the first call
105    /// within a non-tracked function body.
106    ///
107    /// # Examples
108    ///
109    /// ```standalone_crate
110    /// use std::panic::Location;
111    ///
112    /// /// ```
113    /// ///      |1        |11       |21       |31       |41
114    /// ///    +-|---------|---------|---------|---------|--------
115    /// /// 15 | #[track_caller]
116    /// /// 16 | fn new_location() -> &'static Location<'static> {
117    /// /// 17 |     Location::caller()
118    /// ///    |     ------------------| the value of this expression depends on the caller,
119    /// ///    |                       | since the function is marked #[track_caller]
120    /// /// 18 | }
121    /// /// ```
122    /// #[track_caller]
123    /// fn new_location() -> &'static Location<'static> {
124    ///     Location::caller()
125    /// }
126    ///
127    /// /// ```
128    /// ///      |1  |5    |11       |21       |31       |41       |51
129    /// ///    +-|---|-----|---------|---------|---------|---------|---
130    /// /// 29 | fn constant_location() -> &'static Location<'static> {
131    /// /// 30 |     new_location()
132    /// ///    |     ^ any invocation of constant_location() points here,
133    /// ///    |       no matter the location it is called from
134    /// /// 31 | }
135    /// /// ```
136    /// fn constant_location() -> &'static Location<'static> {
137    ///     new_location()
138    /// }
139    ///
140    /// fn main() {
141    ///     //      |1  |5    |11       |21       |31       |41       |51
142    ///     //    +-|---|-----|---------|---------|---------|---------|---
143    ///     // 29 | fn constant_location() -> &'static Location<'static> {
144    ///     // 30 |     new_location()
145    ///     //    |     ^ `let constant` points here
146    ///     // 31 | }
147    ///     let constant = constant_location();
148    ///     assert_eq!(constant.file(), file!());
149    ///     assert_eq!((constant.line(), constant.column()), (30, 5));
150    ///
151    ///     let constant_2 = constant_location();
152    ///     assert_eq!(
153    ///         (constant.file(), constant.line(), constant.column()),
154    ///         (constant_2.file(), constant_2.line(), constant_2.column())
155    ///     );
156    ///
157    ///     //      |1        |11  |16  |21       |31
158    ///     //    +-|---------|----|----|---------|------
159    ///     // 55 |     let here = new_location();
160    ///     //    |                ^ `let here` points here, as `new_location()` is the callsite
161    ///     // 56 |     assert_eq!(here.file(), file!());
162    ///     let here = new_location();
163    ///     assert_eq!(here.file(), file!());
164    ///     assert_eq!((here.line(), here.column()), (55, 16));
165    ///
166    ///     //      |1        |11       |21       ||32      |41       |51
167    ///     //    +-|---------|---------|---------||--------|---------|------
168    ///     // 64 |     let yet_another_location = new_location();
169    ///     //    |                                ^ `let yet_another_location` points here
170    ///     // 65 |     assert_eq!(here.file(), yet_another_location.file());
171    ///     let yet_another_location = new_location();
172    ///     assert_eq!(here.file(), yet_another_location.file());
173    ///     assert_ne!(
174    ///         (here.line(), here.column()),
175    ///         (yet_another_location.line(), yet_another_location.column())
176    ///     );
177    /// }
178    /// ```
179    #[must_use]
180    #[stable(feature = "track_caller", since = "1.46.0")]
181    #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_caller_location", since = "1.79.0")]
182    #[track_caller]
183    #[inline]
184    pub const fn caller() -> &'static Location<'static> {
185        crate::intrinsics::caller_location()
186    }
187
188    /// Returns the name of the source file from which the panic originated.
189    ///
190    /// # `&str`, not `&Path`
191    ///
192    /// The returned name refers to a source path on the compiling system, but it isn't valid to
193    /// represent this directly as a `&Path`. The compiled code may run on a different system with
194    /// a different `Path` implementation than the system providing the contents and this library
195    /// does not currently have a different "host path" type.
196    ///
197    /// The most surprising behavior occurs when "the same" file is reachable via multiple paths in
198    /// the module system (usually using the `#[path = "..."]` attribute or similar), which can
199    /// cause what appears to be identical code to return differing values from this function.
200    ///
201    /// # Cross-compilation
202    ///
203    /// This value is not suitable for passing to `Path::new` or similar constructors when the host
204    /// platform and target platform differ.
205    ///
206    /// # Examples
207    ///
208    /// ```should_panic
209    /// use std::panic;
210    ///
211    /// panic::set_hook(Box::new(|panic_info| {
212    ///     if let Some(location) = panic_info.location() {
213    ///         println!("panic occurred in file '{}'", location.file());
214    ///     } else {
215    ///         println!("panic occurred but can't get location information...");
216    ///     }
217    /// }));
218    ///
219    /// panic!("Normal panic");
220    /// ```
221    #[must_use]
222    #[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
223    #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_location_fields", since = "1.79.0")]
224    pub const fn file(&self) -> &'a str {
225        // SAFETY: The filename is valid.
226        unsafe { self.filename.as_ref() }
227    }
228
229    /// Returns the name of the source file as a nul-terminated `CStr`.
230    ///
231    /// This is useful for interop with APIs that expect C/C++ `__FILE__` or
232    /// `std::source_location::file_name`, both of which return a nul-terminated `const char*`.
233    #[must_use]
234    #[inline]
235    #[stable(feature = "file_with_nul", since = "1.92.0")]
236    #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "file_with_nul", since = "1.92.0")]
237    pub const fn file_as_c_str(&self) -> &'a CStr {
238        let filename = self.filename.as_ptr();
239
240        // SAFETY: The filename is valid for `filename_len+1` bytes, so this addition can't
241        // overflow.
242        let cstr_len = unsafe { crate::mem::size_of_val_raw(filename).unchecked_add(1) };
243
244        // SAFETY: The filename is valid for `filename_len+1` bytes.
245        let slice = unsafe { crate::slice::from_raw_parts(filename.cast(), cstr_len) };
246
247        // SAFETY: The filename is guaranteed to have a trailing nul byte and no interior nul bytes.
248        unsafe { CStr::from_bytes_with_nul_unchecked(slice) }
249    }
250
251    /// Returns the line number from which the panic originated.
252    ///
253    /// # Examples
254    ///
255    /// ```should_panic
256    /// use std::panic;
257    ///
258    /// panic::set_hook(Box::new(|panic_info| {
259    ///     if let Some(location) = panic_info.location() {
260    ///         println!("panic occurred at line {}", location.line());
261    ///     } else {
262    ///         println!("panic occurred but can't get location information...");
263    ///     }
264    /// }));
265    ///
266    /// panic!("Normal panic");
267    /// ```
268    #[must_use]
269    #[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
270    #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_location_fields", since = "1.79.0")]
271    #[inline]
272    pub const fn line(&self) -> u32 {
273        self.line
274    }
275
276    /// Returns the column from which the panic originated.
277    ///
278    /// # Examples
279    ///
280    /// ```should_panic
281    /// use std::panic;
282    ///
283    /// panic::set_hook(Box::new(|panic_info| {
284    ///     if let Some(location) = panic_info.location() {
285    ///         println!("panic occurred at column {}", location.column());
286    ///     } else {
287    ///         println!("panic occurred but can't get location information...");
288    ///     }
289    /// }));
290    ///
291    /// panic!("Normal panic");
292    /// ```
293    #[must_use]
294    #[stable(feature = "panic_col", since = "1.25.0")]
295    #[rustc_const_stable(feature = "const_location_fields", since = "1.79.0")]
296    #[inline]
297    pub const fn column(&self) -> u32 {
298        self.col
299    }
300}
301
302#[stable(feature = "panic_hook_display", since = "1.26.0")]
303impl fmt::Display for Location<'_> {
304    #[inline]
305    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
306        write!(formatter, "{}:{}:{}", self.file(), self.line, self.col)
307    }
308}
309
310#[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
311unsafe impl Send for Location<'_> {}
312#[stable(feature = "panic_hooks", since = "1.10.0")]
313unsafe impl Sync for Location<'_> {}